Before the empires of Babylon and Assyria rose to power, before kings carved their boasts into stone, there was Mesopotamia — the ancient “land between the rivers,” cradled by the Tigris and Euphrates, a vast and fertile world that gave birth to some of humanity’s earliest cities, laws, temples, and written records. In its greatest geographic sense, Mesopotamia was not merely one small country of the ancient world, but a broad and living region stretching across the heart of what is now modern Iraq, while also reaching into northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey, parts of western Iran, and even the northern edge of Kuwait.
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